Description

Formamide Fosfor

Formamide also known as methanamide or  carbamaldehyde is an amide derived from formic acid. It is a colorless liquid which is miscible with water and has an ammonia-like odor. It is chemical feedstock for the manufacture of sulfa drugs and other pharmaceuticals , herbicides and pesticides, and in the manufacture of hydrocyanic acid. It has been used as a softener for paper and fiber. It is a solvent for many ionic compounds. It has also been used as a solvent for resins and plasticizers. Some astrobiologists suggest that it may be an alternative to water as the main solvent in other forms of life. Sulphuric Acid 98%

Formamides are compounds of the type RR′NCHO. One important formamide is dimethylformamide, (CH₃)₂NCHO.

 

Formamides Highlights

• Ultra pure formulation possesses a high degree of purity and is free of contaminating RNase and DNase
• Suitable for the preparation of hybridization cocktails and various denaturing solutions used with nucleic acids
• Will not cause degradation of expensive or hard-to-isolate RNA and DNA samples
• Pre-filtered through a mixed-ion exchange resin to eliminate products of decomposition and residual metal cations

 

Formamide is used in the industrial production of hydrogen cyanide. It is also used as a solvent for processing various polymers such as polyacrylonitrile.

Formamide decomposes into carbon monoxide and ammonia when heated above 100 °C.

HCONH₂ → CO + NH₃

The reaction is slow below 160 °C, but accelerates thereafter. At very high temperatures, the reaction products shift to hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and water instead:

HC(O)NH₂ → HCN + H₂O

The same effect occurs in the presence of solid acid catalysts. JHW-018

 

Formamide Properties

Chemical formula	CH3NO
Molar mass	45.04 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless, oily liquid
Density	1.133 g/cm3
Melting point	2 to 3 °C (36 to 37 °F; 275 to 276 K)
Boiling point	210 °C (410 °F; 483 K)
Solubility in water	Miscible
Vapor pressure	0.08 mmHg at 20 °C
Acidity (pKa)	23.5 (in DMSO)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−2.19×10−5 cm3/mol
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Flash point	154 °C (309 °F; 427 K) (closed cup)

Formamide is a constituent of cryoprotectant vitrification mixtures used for cryopreservation of tissues and organs.

Formamide is also used as an RNA stabiliser in gel electrophoresis by deionizing RNA. In capillary electrophoresis, it is used for stabilizing (single) strands of denatured DNA.

Another use is to add it in sol-gel solutions in order to avoid cracking during sintering.

Formamide, in its pure state, has been used as an alternative solvent for the electrostatic self-assembly of polymer nanofilms.

Formamide is used to prepare primary amines directly from ketones via their N-formyl derivatives, using the Leuckart reaction.

 

Formamide has been proposed as an alternative solvent to water, perhaps with the ability to support life with alternative biochemistries to that currently found on Earth. It forms by the hydrolysis of hydrogen cyanide. With a large dipole moment, its solvation properties are similar to those of water.

Formamide has been shown to convert to traces of guanine upon heating in the presence of ultraviolet light.

Several prebiotic chemical reactions producing amino acid derivatives have been shown to take place in formamide.

 

Contact with skin and eyes is not recommended. With an LD50 of grams per kg, formamide is of low acute toxicity. It also has low mutagenicity.

Formamide is classified as toxic to reproductive health. 2-Chlorophenyl Cyclopentyl Ketone

 

Storage

Store at 2–8°C.